I don’t think secrets are available to the build/compilation stage. You can choose to do a local build using fly deploy --local-only, for instance, and then the secrets definitely won’t be fetched into your machine.
fly secrets are available at runtime in the Fly environment. Since you could be building locally using Docker, they are not available during build. I don’t know if they might be available during build using a fly remote builder.
Secrets are only available at runtime. You can use build arguments as @sudhir.j said, but those are insecure since they get written to the final image. Unless you need to call a third party api from the build, you can set AIRTABLE_API_KEY to a placeholder value so it’s not null during initialization but still the correct value once deployed.